William Shakespeare s Influence On Modern Culture

Sam Ebersole Mrs. Ruiz English 9A Period 1 19 November 2015 Shakespeare s Influence on Modern Culture William Shakespeare is one of the world s most influential people to ever live. â€Å"BBC audience survey names Shakespeare as Britain s Man of the Millennium.† (Andrews 2) Shakespeare’s works continue to be evident globally in modern society. Hundreds of years after William Shakespeare’s death, his influence continues to make an effect in the modern day English language, modern movies and film, and authors or artists today. Shakespeare has influenced the way we speak, express ourselves, and enriched the English language is many ways. â€Å"Shakespeare introduced nearly 3,000 words into the English language.† (Anderson) Our vocabulary is full of phrases or words from Shakespeare. Without Shakespeare, we would not express ourselves the way we do. â€Å"He gave us uniquely vivid ways in which to express hope and despair, sorrow and rage, love and lust.†(Kurlak) The words Shakespeare created are used everyday. â€Å"Many words and phrases from his plays and poems have become a common part of everyday speech.† (Popova) Words like addiction, amazement, generous, gloomy, gossip are all commonly used words were all created by and used in Shakespeare s plays. The list of everyday words from Shakespeare is much larger with words like advertising, blanket, outbreak, and thousands more. â€Å"Without him, our vocabulary would be just too different.†(Harris ) As well as words, many ofSho w MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Othello And The English Language1649 Words   |  7 PagesPoet, playwright, actor and dramatist, William Shakespeare is one of the most influential and greatest writers up to this day in poetry and the English language. Known, for his many acclaimed works such as his famous plays, â€Å"Othello,† â€Å"King Lear,† and â€Å"Romeo and Juliet† etc. More than four hundred years have passed and William Shakespeare’s work still alive as if it was during the early ages of Shakespeare work. Shakespeare influenced ranges from literature, theater, films and even the English languageRead MoreEnglish Feature article on Shakespears Macbeth with reference to both play and Polanskis adaptation. Title: Windows changed through time.1199 Words   |  5 Pagesor early 1607, The last of Shakespeare s four great tragedies was written. Macbeth has been said by many to be Shakespeare s darkest work, A Reflection through Shakespeare s mind giving us a window into Elizabethan ways of politics, Human violence and Human nature. Quiet relevantly Shakespeare would never have guessed that over 400 years later the basic morals and characteristics that were used to shape his own work would be put into use yet again for a modern day adaptation, That in shortRead MoreThe Most Influential Poet Of All Essay1449 Words   |  6 Pages Kenny Fancher Mrs. Sessions ENG 233 6 December, 2016 Shakespeare: The Most Influential Poet of All Shakespeare, the most recognizable and famed Author/Poet to ever live, is still such a largely loved and extremely relevant character even I today s society.. He is a widely acclaimed artist who over the span of his life has amassed many of followers and has been acknowledged by many as the greatest Dramatist of all time. He has accomplished many things throughout his life andRead MoreRomeo And Juliet Film Analysis1647 Words   |  7 PagesDavies, Anthony. The film versions of Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeare Survey 49(1996):153-162 Web. 22 May 2017. 1. In this Journal articles by Anthony Davies, he attempts to trace, compare, and analyze the play of Romeo Juliet’s life throughout cinema. To do this, Anthony does a close reading of four different films directed by Cukor, Zeffirelli, Alvin Rakoff, and the BBC. With these films, Anthony delves into them while dissecting specific scenes to compare how they are different or similarRead MoreThe Tempest By William Shakespeare1351 Words   |  6 PagesModern critique rank’s Shakespeare’s ‘The Tempest’ as one of the most preeminent and descriptive plays addressing the role of colonial power and conquest in literature. One of Shakespeare’s last plays, ‘The Tempest’ explores the direct parallel between the working proletariats and wealthy bourgeois. Therefore the focuses of this paper are the implications of hegemony and class alienation, the commoditization of human subclasses, and the commonalities with â€Å"The Tempest† and Shakespeare’s life. TheRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1209 Words   |  5 Pages it has been adapted to film multiple times, even within a modern setting. Within the play lies many different themes, two of which I will analyse today which are love and hate. The deepest principles in human nature are hate and love, these two contrasting emotions are key in understanding Romeo and Juliet. It s a play which dates back to the late 1500’s written by one of the most influential playwrights in history William Shakespeare. Today I will explore the nature of love and hate within RomeoRead MoreTitus Andronicus By William Shakespeare910 Words   |  4 PagesThe play Titus Andronicus by William Shakespeare depicts the Roman Empire from a very traditional perspective within each of the characters. Shakespeare creates a visual of historical Rome that includes many blood battles, deception, courage and loyalty not just to Rome and her people, but to one s famil y. By doing this, Shakespeare shows the reader that Rome was a great city of power that revolved around the idea that justice must be of an equivalent manner suitable to the crime committed by theRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Othello The Moor Of Venice Essay1743 Words   |  7 Pagesthe audiences hardship of life. The play is set in two principle locations, Cyprus and Venice. ‘Renaissance Venice was both a city and a world’ (David McPherson Shakespeare, Jonson and the Myth of Venice). Italy is the world’s largest Catholic country, It has been hinted that William Shakespeare was a Crypto - Catholic.(Clare Asquith s, Shadowplay) Some believe that he spent time in Italy studying abroad, as he disappeared from the local parish role (which is how the Government kept track of theRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Elizabethan Era1478 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Shakespeare is one of the most famous poets, dramatists, and actors of his time, let alone all of all of history. Though many details of many aspects of his life are uncertain, it is evident through the popularity of his works that he forever remain a distinguished individual of the Elizabethan era. The stability of England under Queen Elizabeth I allowed artists to flourish as the populations attention turned from that of the political and religious scene to more interest based endeavorsRead MoreSpeech Is The Effective Form Of A Culture972 Words   |  4 Pagesform of a culture. Poetry enhances the effectiveness of speech if it didn’t then why do communication teachers do things like have you look outside the window and write a poem about what you see in class? Poetry helps you step outside the box be more creative it allows you the chance to speak and so does spoken word which is another form of poetry that I will discuss later in the essay. Poetry was very relevant during times like ancient Greece .If you mention the names Homer, Shakespeare and Sophocles

Coca Cola As A Multinational Beverage Company Essay

Introduction The Coca-Cola Company is a multinational beverage company that deals with manufacturing, retailing, and marketing. In addition, Coca-Cola Company markets its products and distributes to various retailers all over the world. The company came into being about one hundred and thirty years ago (Eldred, 2008). The organization is best known for its lead item Coca-Cola, created in 1886 by drug specialist John Stith Pemberton in Columbus, Georgia. The Coca-Cola recipe and brand was purchased in 1889 by Asa Griggs Candler, who consolidated The Coca-Cola Company in 1892 (Bodden, 2009). The organization works a franchised circulation framework dating from 1889 where The Coca-Cola Company just delivers syrup concentrate which is then sold to different bottlers all through the world who hold a selected domain. All in all, the Coca-Cola Company and its auxiliaries just deliver syrup concentrate, which is then sold to different bottlers all through the world who hold the franchise Coca-Cola estab lishment. Coca-Cola bottlers, who hold regionally exclusive contracts with the organization, create the completed item in jars and bottles from the move in mix with separated water and sweeteners. These bottlers then sell, disperse and stock the subsequent Coca-Cola item to retail locations, candy machines, eateries and restaurants, and to the wholesalers. Today Coca-Cola makes more than 500 brands of items sold in more than 200 nations throughout the world. Notably, Coca-Cola sShow MoreRelatedMarketing Strategy Of Coca Cola1295 Words   |  6 Pagescompany also partnered with a multitude of artists, celebrities, athletes, and organizations in various marketing campaigns to promote their products (â€Å"125 years,† 2011). 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The Coca Cola Company is an American multinational corporation and manufacturer, retailer and marketer of the nonalcoholic beverage concentratesRead MoreCoca Cola Human Resources Suggestions Essay1612 Words   |  7 Pages Coca-Cola Human Resources Suggestions Zhen Wang California Lutheran University MBA 500 Professor Mary Ann Mace  Introduction Coca-Cola company was founded in 1886 and has supplied beverage to consumers for 130 years. Its global headquarter is located in Atlanta, Georgia. Now, it is the largest beverage company around the world and ranked the world’s third most valuable brand which valued at 73.1 billion dollars (â€Å"Best Global Brands 2016 Ranking,† 2016). Coca-Cola has 20 brands ofRead MoreFast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG)597 Words   |  3 PagesUnited States, Procter and Gamble is a Fortune 500 American multinational company. It was founded in October 31 1837 by William Procter and James Gamble. Its flagship and best selling brand is ARIEL laundry detergent which was launched in 1967. This detergent is available in different variants. The company also manufactures other best selling products that are highly popular around the world. 2. NESTLÉ: Nestle is a Swiss multinational engaged in the production of different food products. It hasRead MoreThe Soft Drink Manufacturing And Carbonated Beverages Market Essay979 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction: In the United States, The Soft Drink Manufacturing and carbonated beverages market is dominated by three major companies. They are Coca-Cola, PepsiCo, and the Dr. Pepper Snapple Group. These companies account for 66% of the total market shares Coca-Cola (28.6%), Pepsi Co Inc (26.8%), and the Dr. Pepper Snapple Group (8.6%). The carbonated soft drinks account for 65%, and noncarbonated beverages account for 35% of the industry market. The demand for soft drinks is driven by consumerRead MoreThe Coca-Cola Company Essay1709 Words   |  7 PagesThe Coca-Cola Company Coca-Cola is the number one captivator of people’s throats. The company, in the last one hundred years, has managed to transform people’s thirsts in to a need for Coca-Cola. The story of the Coca-Cola Company has humble beginnings. In 1885, John Pemberton, and Atlanta pharmacist, registered a trademark for â€Å"French wine cola-ideal nerve and tonic stimulant†, a brew he had developed in a three-legged pot he apparently stirred with an oar. His desire to create such a productRead MoreCoca Cola Company : The World s Largest Beverage Company1141 Words   |  5 PagesStith Pemberton, multinational beverage manufacturer The Coca-Cola Company is headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia. Today they are the world’s largest beverage company. Their current Chairman and CEO is Muhtar Kent. Other notable people are Board of Directors member Robert Kotick and Executive Vice President Ahmet Bozer. The Coca-Cola Company offers over hundreds of brands across over 200 countries worldwide. Soft drink brands include Coca-Cola, Fanta, Sprite, and Fresca. Other beverages brands includeRead MoreCoca Cola s Traditional Marketing Strategies Essay1461 Words   |  6 Pages1. Coca Cola’s traditional marketing strategies 3.1.1. Market Segmentation Coca Cola, which is one of the largest multinational enterprises in the world, has been successfully applying traditional and digital marketing strategies to promote their products. The company has many registered brands that are known worldwide. (See Figure 5). Source: Adapted from Coca-Cola Company, n.d, n.p.g. Figure 5. The image shows â€Å"Brands of Coca-Cola Company.† In order to make these brands of the company becomeRead MoreCoca Cola And The Global Market990 Words   |  4 PagesCoca - Cola or at all known for a long time the name Coke is a drink a couple of people around the world for over 128 years, from the drinks available from the local pharmacy in the city of Atlanta. To this day, the US s Coke is one of the world s most popular beverages. Macro Environment Political – A large multinational company such as Coca Cola has to comply with strict laws and legislation; this is not only within the US, but around the world where they also have a large influence inRead Morecoca cola969 Words   |  4 PagesThe Coca Cola company is a long standing producer of flavored drinks. They are considered by many to be the original cola drink. The drink was created in 1886 by a pharmacist named John Pemberton. Coca-cola is sold today in over 200 countries and has over 500 brands. The company has sustainability measures in place and believes in philanthropic endeavors. The company offers internships to up-and-coming business students looking for an opportunity to work with one of the largest and most storied companies

Study of the Effect of Lead (Heavy Metal) Free Essays

A major environmental concern due to dispersal of industrial and urban wastes generated by human activities is the contamination of soil. Controlled and uncontrolled disposal of waste, accidental and process spillage, mining and smelting of metalliferous ores, sewage sludge application to agricultural soils are responsible for the migration of contaminants into non-contaminated sites as dust or leachate and contribute towards contamination of our ecosystem. The present study was undertaken to study the effect of heavy metals on the growth of Brasicca juncea and thereby its utilization for phytoremediation. We will write a custom essay sample on Study of the Effect of Lead (Heavy Metal) or any similar topic only for you Order Now The minimum amount of lead (0 mg/gm) was found in plant treated in 0 % concentration of lead acetate and maximum amount of lead (0. 0011 mg/gm) was found in plant treated in (0. 6%) concentration of lead acetate. The percentage germination for control, 0. 2, 0. 4, 0. 6 percent lead acetate treated seedling was 89%, 88%, 86. 66% and 83% respectively. The length of shoot was found much less in plant treated in 0. 6% concentration of lead acetate (10 cm), as compared to the length of shoot in plant treated with 0% concentration of lead acetate (8 cm). Length of roots was found maximum in 0. 6% concentration of lead acetate (2 cm), as compared to the length of shoot in plant treated with 0% concentration of lead acetate (0. 5 cm). It was found that Brasica juncea tolerated highest concentration of heavy metals and can accumulate lead. Key Words: leachate, heavy metals, lead, phytoremediation, Brasicca juncea. Introduction Heavy metal contamination of soil, water and air has caused serious environmental hazard in the biosphere due to rapid industrialization and urbanization. Lead is probably one of the most frequently encountered heavy metals in polluted environment. The primary sources of this metal include mining and smelting of metalliferous ores, burning of leaded gasoline, disposal of municipal sewage and industrial wastes enriched in lead as well as using of lead-based paint (Kabata-Pendias and Pendias 1984; Seaward and Richard-son 1990). Relatively high levels of lead concentrations were recorded as high as 7,000 Â µg/ gm in roadside soil (Kabata-Pendias and Pendias 1984) and 13,380 Â µg/gm in mining district soil (Wick land 1990). In recent years it has been reported that some plant species known as hyper accumulator derived from heavy metal-contaminated areas have the ability to accumulate unusually high content of heavy metals without dramatically being impacted in their growth and development. (Reeves, Brooks and Malaises 1985; Baker and Brooks 1989). This raises the suggestion that these hyper accumulators may provide the basis for phytoremediation of heavy metal-contaminated sites (Baker et al. 1991). Phytoremediation potential of a few such species for heavy metal-contaminated soil and water has recently been detected (Brown et al. 994; Kumar et al. 1995; Dushenkov et al. 1995; Huang et al. 1997; Blaylock et al. 1997). Lead as a Heavy metal: Lead (Pb) exists naturally in many forms throughout the world has a soil retention time of 150-5000 yrs. Lead is among those heavy metals which have no known biological function. Never the less, numerous investigations show that plants can accumulate lead via root and shoot, and that the lead concentrations in plant tissues are significantly related to the lead levels in environment (Kabata-Pendias and Pendias 1984; Nwosu et al. 995; Sawidis et al 1995; Xiong 1998). Excessive lead accumulated in plant tissue can be toxic to most plants, leading to decrease in seed germination, root elongation and biomass, inhibition of chlorophyll biosynthesis, as well as cell disturbance and chromosome lesion (Balsberg Pahlsson 1989; Kumar et al. 1991; Fargasova 1994; Xiong 1997c). In lead and other heavy metal-contaminated sites, the vegetation structure and biodiversity are usually reduced barren patches of soil occurring, and trees are sparse or absent (Wickland 1990). Material and Method Brasicca juncea seeds obtained from nursery were treated with lead acetate solution of concentrations ranging from 0. 0%, 0. 2%, 0. 4% 0. 6% for control the seed were soaked in distilled water. After 24 hrs the seeds were transferred on wet filter paper (wet by the solutions of respective conc. ) in plastic trays. Seedlings were harvested after twenty days, the germination rate and the length of root and shoot was recorded. The amount of lead accumulated in the seedlings was also calculated. Stock solution of 0. 2%, o. 4% and 0. % was prepared in the following way: 20 mg of lead acetate in 1000 ml distilled water in volumetric flask gave 0. 2% of lead acetate solution. In the same way 40 mg 60 mg lead acetate salt were dissolved to prepare 0. 4% 0. 6%. stock solutions respectively. The DNA in control and the treated seedlings was estimated by Diphenylamine reaction. Optical density was read at 595 nm on a photoelectric colorimeter. Standard graph of O. D. on Y-axis and concentration of standard DNA on X-axis was plotted. DNA from sample was estimated with the help of standard graph. The Folin Lowry’s method of protein assay was used for protein estimation in control and treated seedlings. Optical density was read at 625 nm on photoelectric colorimeter. For the estimation of lead from the treated seedlings, 10 gm of the plant material was crushed in mortar and pestle in 40 ml distilled water and the solution was filtered. Another series was made by taking 10 ml sample solution from filtrate of all concentrations from 0. 2%, 0. 4%, 0. 6% and control. 25 ml of freshly prepared Ammonium solution and 0. 5 ml of Sodium sulfide solution was added to all the above test tubes. Similarly for standard graph, varying concentration (0. 25 – 1. 5ml) of working lead solution was prepared. To this 25 ml of freshly prepared Ammonium solution to make it alkaline was added; also 0. 5 ml of Sodium Sulfide was added. The volume of all solutions was equalized with distilled water. A blank was also prepared in the same manner without adding lead solution. Optical density was read at 430 nm on photoelectric colorimeter. The concentration of lead was calculated in terms of mg/litre from standard graph. Result Discussion The minimum amount of DNA (4. 50 mg/gm) was found in seedlings treated in (0%) concentration of lead acetate after 20 days of treatment, and maximum minimum amount of DNA (4. 675 mg/gm) found in plant treated in (0. 6%) concentration of lead acetate after 20 days of treatment. The graph shows that the amount of DNA increases as the concentration of lead acetate goes on increasing. The minimum amount of Protein (86 mg/gm) was found in plant treated in (0%) concentration of lead acetate after 20 days of treatment, and maximum amount Protein (93. 5 mg/gm) found in plant treated in (0. 6%) concentration of lead acetate after 20 days of treatment 89. mg and 91. 5mg of protein was estimated in the seedlings treated with 0. 4% and 0. 6% lead acetate. From the graph it can be concluded that the amount of protein increased with the increase in the concentration of lead. The graphical representation was done for calculating the concentration of lead in the treated seedlings. The optical density was read at 430 nm for control, 0. 2%, 0. 4% and 0. 6% lead acetate treated seedlings was 0, 0. 013, 0. 016 and 0. 019 respectively. The graph plotted resulted into a straight line, indicating the increased accumulation of lead in the seedlings. The concentration of lead was calculated using graph. In 1gm of control, 0. 2, 0. 4 and 0. 6 percent lead acetate treated seedling sample had 0 mg, 0. 00078 mg, 0. 00094 mg and 0. 0011 mg of lead respectively. The minimum amount of lead (0 mg/gm) was found in plant treated in (0%) concentration of lead acetate and maximum amount of lead (0. 0011 mg/gm) was found in plant treated in (0. 6%) concentration of lead acetate. This suggests that Brasicca juncea could accumulate comparatively high doses lead. The percentage germination for 1 gm each of control, 0. 2, 0. 4, 0. percent lead acetate treated seedling was 89%, 88%, 86. 66% and 83% respectively. The germination with increase in concentration of lead acetate did not show any inhibitory effect on the germination of seeds but a steady decrease in the percentage of germination was observed. Maximum percentage of germination was found in control seeds. Out of 300 seeds soaked in 0. 2%, 0. 4% and 0. 6% solution of lead acetate showed 264, 260 and 249 seeds germinating respectively. When compared to the control the germination percentage of the treated seeds did not differ much. This indicated the capability of Brasicca juncea in tolerating the presence of heavy metals like lead. The shoot length for 1 gm each of control, 0. 2, 0. 4 and 0. 6 percent lead acetate treated seedling was 8 cm, 8. 5 cm, 8. 3cm, and 10 cm respectively; also the root length for 1 gm each of control, 0. 2, 0. 4 and 0. 6 percent lead acetate treated seedling was 0. 5 cm, 0. 8 cm, 1. 0 cm and 2. 0 cm respectively. The length of shoot was found maximum in plant treated in 0. 6% concentration of lead acetate (10 cm), as compared to the length of shoot in plant treated with 0% concentration of lead acetate (8 cm). Length of roots was found maximum in 0. 6% concentration of lead acetate (2 cm), as compared to the length of shoot in plant treated with 0% concentration of lead acetate (0. 5 cm). This indicates that Brasicca juncea was able to utilize the increased amount of lead to its advantage, suggesting the use of Brasicca juncea as a natural alternative for phytoremediation. Conclusion The present study indicates that plant species like Brasicca juncea can tolerate wide range of heavy metals concentration, it utilizes the heavy concentration for its all round growth . It can be used in removal of lead; and hence its use in phytoremediation in future. Phytoremediation is a fast developing field, since last ten years lot of field application were initiated all over the world, it includes Phytoremediation of Organic, Inorganic and Radio nuclides. This sustainable and inexpensive process is fast emerging as a viable alternative to conventional remediation methods and will be most suitable for a developing country like India. Most of the studies have been done in developed countries and knowledge of suitable plants is particularly limited in India. In India commercial application of Phytoremediation of Soil heavy metal or Organic compounds is in its earliest phase. Fast growing plants with high biomass and good metal uptake ability are needed. In most of the contaminated sites hardy, tolerant, weed species exist and phytoremediation through these and other non-edible species can restrict the contaminant from being introduced into the food web. Further studies need to be performed in order to establish the maximum amount of lead that the plants may tolerate, and the ability of Brasicca juncea to germinate and grow in media containing mixtures of heavy metals. How to cite Study of the Effect of Lead (Heavy Metal), Essay examples

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Genetic Engineering Essay Example For Students

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Genetic Engineering Essay On February 24, 1997 news broke globally that Ian Wilmut of the Roslin Institute in Scotland had successfully cloned the genetic material of an adult sheep and had created the infant Dolly. The discovery instantly caught the world’s attention because Dolly had only one parent; Dolly had been formed by transferring the genetic material of an adult female into one of its own embryos. This process, known as â€Å"somatic cell nuclear transfer†, refers to removal of genetic material from an adult cell and then implantation of that material into an embryo that has had it’s original genetic material removed. The only way to clone an existing animal uses the process of somatic cell nuclear transfer. The science used to create Dolly applies to any mammal, and â€Å"the arrival of Dolly made it clear that human beings would soon have to face the possibility of human cloning† (Nusbaum and Sunstein 11). Motivated by profit and fame, scientists around the nation have been researching how to apply somatic cell nuclear transfer technology to humans. In response to this research Congress has been trying to draft legislation that will make the genetic cloning of a human illegal. Unfortunately, because of imprecise wording based on a shallow Congressional understanding of genetics, a ban on human cloning would inadvertently ban essential medical research that utilizes essential genetic cloning technologies. The term â€Å"human cloning† refers to a great number of technologies of which only somatic cell nuclear transfer can produce a living human being. Rather than an improperly worded ban on human cloning entirely, only genetic cloning by somatic cell nuclear transfer should be banned while funding for other beneficial genetic cloning techniques should be increased. The reason why Dolly had been so special has to do with the original cells that she had been cloned from. The mammary cells that had their genetic material removed are referred to as somatic cells. Somatic cells serve a specific function only, like a liver cell or a brain cell. Totipotent cells, on the other hand, have not yet become specific cells. Totipotent cells, like the cells in a fertilized embryo, give rise to somatic cells as the totipotent cells continuously divide, thereby creating the different somatic cells that formulate a fetal human being. During Dolly’s creation, Ian Wilmut and his team first removed the genetic material from a somatic cell and from a totipotent embryonic cell, and then implanted the genetic material from the somatic cell into the empty totipotent cell. â€Å"The result is a totipotent embryo with the genetic information of the adult from which the somatic cell nucleus was taken. This is known as cloning by somatic cell nuclear transfer† (Larry Craig online). In its human application, somatic cells would be removed from a living human, injected into an empty embryo, and then implanted into a woman’s uterus for gestation. During the gestation period, the genetic material from the somatic cell would spawn totipotent cells in the embryo and would begin creating the totipotent cells necessary for development. The scientific magic of the process consists of the development of totipotent cells from the genetic material of the somatic cells. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), located in the nucleus of all somatic cells, contains all of the necessary information to produce an entire human being. By isolating the DNA of a somatic cell during a somatic cell nuclear transfer; the DNA of an existing human directs the development of a fetal human being from the totipotent embryonic cells. Genetic cloning by somatic cell nuclear transfer creates a clone of an existing human being through the transfer of genetic material and th en implantation into a surrogate uterus. .u32d98c6132b007be7351b3eea96cf620 , .u32d98c6132b007be7351b3eea96cf620 .postImageUrl , .u32d98c6132b007be7351b3eea96cf620 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u32d98c6132b007be7351b3eea96cf620 , .u32d98c6132b007be7351b3eea96cf620:hover , .u32d98c6132b007be7351b3eea96cf620:visited , .u32d98c6132b007be7351b3eea96cf620:active { border:0!important; } .u32d98c6132b007be7351b3eea96cf620 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u32d98c6132b007be7351b3eea96cf620 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u32d98c6132b007be7351b3eea96cf620:active , .u32d98c6132b007be7351b3eea96cf620:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u32d98c6132b007be7351b3eea96cf620 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u32d98c6132b007be7351b3eea96cf620 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u32d98c6132b007be7351b3eea96cf620 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u32d98c6132b007be7351b3eea96cf620 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u32d98c6132b007be7351b3eea96cf620:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u32d98c6132b007be7351b3eea96cf620 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u32d98c6132b007be7351b3eea96cf620 .u32d98c6132b007be7351b3eea96cf620-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u32d98c6132b007be7351b3eea96cf620:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: George Washington Father of a Nation EssaySomatic cell nuclear transfer cloning of a human will occur and become common in the future. Lee Silver, a biologist at Princeton University, believes that enough historical precedent exists to suggest such a trend. Citing American usage of reproductive technologies and for-profit clinics as examples, Silver suggests that the market incentive to develop and patent cloning technologies will result in the common cloning of humans in the future (Boyce online). Susan Root, the director of human genetics for the National Center for Genome Resources, also believes that â€Å"it’s going to happen† and that â€Å"society wil l have to deal with it† (Merzer online). Robert Wachbroit, a member of the Institute for Philosophy Public Policy makes an observation supporting both Silver and Root’s arguments. He believes that the technologies for both transplantation and genetic engineering are progressing and that they will become acceptable. (Online) Acting now might offer politicians the choice to prevent the cloning of a human by somatic cell nuclear transfer. In the future such an action would have greater complications because human cloning by somatic cell nuclear transfer will have established itself and will have been done numerous times. Now might be the time to nip human cloning by this method in the bud. Few, if any, reasons exist that can be used to argue for the cloning of a human by somatic cell nuclear transfer. Constance Morella, chairwoman of the Congressional Subcommittee on Technology, correctly observes the existence of national and worldwide consensus that the cloning of an existing human should never occur. She cites several developed countries, such as the United Kingdom and Japan, which totally oppose cloning by somatic cell nuclear transfer. Supporting such an observation, the National Bioethics Advisory Commission has concluded â€Å"that at this time, it is morally unacceptable for anyone in the public or private sector to attempt to create a child using somatic cell nuclear transfer cloning† (Senator Gordon 3). Dan Brock, director of the Center for Biomedical Ethics at Brown University, argues that human cloning by somatic cell nuclear transfer â€Å"would result in a persons’ worth or value seeming diminished because we would come to see persons as ab le to be manufacture or â€Å"handmade.† This demystification of the creation of human life would reduce our appreciation and awe of human life and of its natural creation† (159). Additionally, a child’s sense of individuality and uniqueness would be substantially diminished as a result of expectations set by the life of the adult from whom he was cloned. Bibliography: